West Germany underwent its economic miracle following the war, which led to the creation of a guest worker program many of these workers ended up settling in Germany which has led to tensions around questions of national and cultural identity, especially with regard to Turks who settled in Germany. The creation of the European Union was in part an effort to harness German identity to a European identity. In the 1930s, the Nazis came to power and sought to create a Greater Germanic Reich, emphasizing ethnic German identity and German greatness to the exclusion of all others, eventually leading to the extermination of Jews, Poles, Romani, and other people deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) in the Holocaust during World War II.Īfter the defeat of Nazi Germany, the country was divided into East and West Germany in the opening acts of the Cold War, and each state retained a sense of German identity and held reunification as a goal, albeit in different contexts. Prior to World War I, Germany had established a colonial empire in hopes of rivaling Britain and France. Īggressive German nationalism and territorial expansion was a key factor leading to both World Wars. The faction led by Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck succeeded in forging a Lesser Germany. In the 19th century Germans debated the German Question over whether the German nation state should comprise a " Lesser Germany" that excluded Austria or a "Greater Germany" that included Austria. Advocacy of a German nation-state began to become an important political force in response to the invasion of German territories by France under Napoleon. The earliest origins of German nationalism began with the birth of romantic nationalism during the Napoleonic Wars when Pan-Germanism started to rise. German Nationalism also emphasizes and takes pride in the patriotism and national identity of Germans as one nation and one person. German nationalism ( German: Deutscher Nationalismus) is an ideological notion that promotes the unity of Germans and German-speakers into one unified nation state. The Reichsadler is the predecessor of the Bundesadler, the heraldic animal of today's national emblem of (Germany).
The Reichsadler ("imperial eagle") from the coat of arms of Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Germany, dated 1304.
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